Gun action



INVENTOR. I

ROBERT E. BAKER ATTORNEY R. E. BAKER GUN ACTION Filed June 28, 1946 April 5, 1949.

Patented Apr. 5, 1949 UNITED STAT f 3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in gun looks or gun action mechanisms.

It is the object of this invention to produce a gun action mechanism of the type in which the hammer is cocked by means of the trigger or by a longitudinally movable slide such as are employed in pump action guns, and in which the hammer is released by a second pull on the trigger.

There are gun actions of a type known as double action in which a pull on the trigger first cocks the hammer and then a further movement releases it. I'he operation of such actions requires a strong pull to be exerted on the trigger up, or almost, to the point of hammer release. It is well understood that for the most satisfactory results, a hair trigger setting is the most desirable. In double action guns a hair trigger eifect entirely separate from the cooking action cannot be obtained.

It is the principal object of this invention to produce a gun action in which the hammer is moved to cocked position by a single pull on the trigger, of sufficient force to overcome the resistance of the main spring, and in which a release of the hammer is effected by a second and entirely separate pull in which the force required is merely sufficient to release the sear. With the construction, which forms the subject of the invention, the parts may be adjusted so as to get any degree of hair trigger effect desired.

Another object is to produce a gun action in which the trigger is moved its maximum distance and against a solid stop during the cooking, and in which the trigger must be moved some distance in the opposite direction before the gun can be fired.

The above objects are attained by a construction and an arrangement of parts that will now be described in detail, and for this purpose, reference will now be had to the accompanying drawing, in which the invention has been illustrated, and in which:

Figure 1 is a view, partly in section, showing the parts in normal position.

Figure 2 shows the parts in the position they assume at the end of the cocking operation, and

Figure 3 is a view showing the hammer in fully cocked position, ready to be released by the next pull on the trigger.

In the drawing, only so much of the gun has been shown as is deemed necessary to permit a description of the invention to be made, and the parts shown are intended to represent any kind of firearm.

Reference numeral 5 designates the body of the gun, and numeral 6 the barrel.

The hammer has been designated by reference numeral 7, and has been shown partly broken away. The hammer turns about pivot 8. sear has been designated by numeral 9 and. is mounted for rocking movement about pivot H1. The hammer is provided with a notch II, that is engaged by tooth E2 on the upper end of the The sear. That part of the hammer below notch l i may be curved about pivot 8 as a center. The lower end of the hammer has a kerf l3, which may be cut by a milling cutter, and is provided with a pin 84. The wall surface 55 of the kerf should be, as nearly as practical, curved about the center of pivot M; although this is not essential.

The trigger has been designated by numeral l6, and is movable about pivot H. The part l8 is the part that is engaged by the finger and is properly curved. A forwardly extending part it has been shown as attached to the lower end of spring 26, which is under tension and normally holds the trigger in the position shown in Fig. 1. Any other equivalent spring may be substituted for the one shown. The trigger has an upwardly extending arm 2! to the upper end of which a pawl 22 is connected by a pivot 23. A spring 24 is fastened to both 2i and 22 and formed to hold the two parts yieldingly in a predetermined angular relation, like that shown in Fig. 3, while permitting the pawl to move angularly in either direction. The hammer has a curved notch 25 for the reception of the free end of spring 26, the other end of which is fastened to the body 5 at 21.

When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, spring 26 holds the hammer a short distance away from the firing pin 28. When the I hammer is moved to fully cocked position, spring 28 becomes curved, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3; and therefore, when the hammer is released, spring 26 moves it towards the firing pin 28, from which it rebounds to the position shown in Fig. 1. This invention is not limited to the specific form of spring shown, and the arrangement illustrated may be replaced by any other suitable construction.

Arm 2! has an opening through which screw 29 extends. A nut 30 is rotatably attached to the lower end of sear 9. Head 3! of the screw is spaced some distance from 2! when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1.

Let us now assume that, with the parts shown in Fig. 1, force is applied to the trigger to turn it in a counterclock-wise direction. Pawl 22 is in engagement with pin Ml and turns the hammer clock-wise about pivot 8 until the parts reach the position shown in Fig. 2. The back of the trigger is now in contact with the solid abutment wall 32. In this extreme position, notch H has traveled a short distance past the tooth I2 on the sear. Spring 33 urges the sear into engagement with the hammer, but the sear is held back by screw 29 Whose head 3| is now in contact with the front surface of part 2|. The pressure on the trigger is now released slowly whereupon the sear is allowed to turn counter clock-wise, and when notch ll reaches the detent 12, the latter will stop any further movement of the hammer. The trigger will still turn in response to the force exerted by spring 20. Since the hammer is stationary, the further reverse movement of the trigger will free pawl 22 from pin l4 and the pawl will move upwardly in response to the action of spring 24. The end of pawl 22 will strike wall 85 and prevent further reverse movement of the trigger. The parts are now in the position shown in Fig. 3, and head 3| is spaced a short distance from the front of arm 2|.

When the gun is to be fired, the trigger is pulled rearwardly to bring arm 2! into engagement with head 35, after which a further movement will release the hammer, bringing the parts into the position shown in Fig. 1', completing a cycle.

Pawl 22 when relieved of any restraining force will assume the position shown in full lines in Figure 3. When the trigger is pulled rearwardly from the position shown in Figure 3, the sear will release the hammer which promptly returns to the position shown in Figure 1. The pressure on the trigger is now released and it rotates clockwise about its pivot in response to the force exerted thereon by spring 26 until it arrives at the position shown in Figure 1. Before arriving at the position shown in Figure 1, pawl 22 will engage pin I4 whereby the angle between the pawl and the trigger is increased over normal by the movement of the trigger to the position shown in Figure 1. The inability of pawl 22 to retain its normal angular relation with the trigger tensions spring 24 and moves the pawl into operative position with pin M when the trigger is in its normal position as shown in Figure 1.

Attention is again directed to the fact that with this construction, the hammer is merely turned to fully cooked position by the first pull on the trigger, and the latter must be allowed to return through a moderate angle before the sear engages the hammer. To fire the gun, the trigger must bepulled a second time.

It is evident that the specific details of construction illustrated may be varied without departing from the invention.

Applicant desires to call particular attention to the fact that with the present invention the gun can be fired only after the trigger has been allowed to return some distance from its rearmost position, as distinguished from gun actions in which the rearward movement first cooks the hammer and sets the sear and then, upon a further rearward movement, releases the hammer.

Having described the invention what is claimed as new is:

1. A gun action comprising, in combination, a hammer mounted for pivotation, means comprising a spring associated with the hammer for normally holding it in a predetermined position, the hammer having a notch spaced from the pivot, a sear positioned to engage the notch when the hammer is in cocked position, a spring positioned to engage the sear and urge it into engagement with thehammer, a trigger mounted for .pivotation, a hook pawl carried by the upper end of the trigger pivotally connected therewith,

means comprising a spring, interconnecting the trigger and the pawl to yieldingly hold them in a predetermined angularly relative position, a pin carried by the hammer and positioned beneath the pawl, the hooked pawl being normally in operative engagement with the pin, whereby when the trigger is pulled rearwardly the hammer will be moved to cocked position.

2. A gun lock mechanism comprising, a frame, a hammer pivoted to the frame, a trigger pivoted to the frame, a spring operatively associated with the hammer forming means for urging it towards a predetermined normal position, the hammer having a notch at a point spaced from the pivot, a sear carried by the .frame, positioned to engage the notch to hold thehammer in cocked position, a spring interconnecting the sear and the frame forming means for urging the sear into engagement with the hammer, means comprising a hooked pawl pivotally attached to the upper end of the trigger, a pin on the hammer, positioned below the hooked pivot in position to be engaged thereby to effect an operative connection between the hammer and the trigger, whereby the hammer will be moved to cocked position when the trigger is moved rearwardly, said sear serving to hold the hammer in cocked position, means for releasing the hooked pawl after the trigger has moved a predetermineddistance towards normal position and means for releasing the hammer when the trigger is again moved rearwardly.

3. A gun action comprising, in combination, a frame, a hammer mounted on the frame for pivotal movement, a spring operatively associated with the hammer, a trigger pivotally connected with the frame at a point below the hammer, the hammer having a pin positioned below its pivot, a pawl pivotally connected with the upper end of the trigger, passing over the pin on the hammer, the pawl having a hook on the side adjacent the pin for engaging the latter, when the trigger is moved rearward'ly a spring operatively associated with the trigger and pawl, and forming means for yieldably supporting the pawl in a predetermined angular position relative to the trigger, the pawl forming a means for moving the hammer to cocked position when the trigger is moved rearwardly in response to a force, .a sear pivoted to the frame, the hammer having a notch positioned above the hammer pivot, the sear having a portion adapted to enter the notch to hold the hammer in cocked position, means comprising a spring for moving the sear to operative notch engaging position when the hammer is moved past cocked position, means releasing the pawl from engagement with the pin on the return movement of the trigger, and means for moving the sear to inoperative positionin the next rearward movement of the trigger thereby releasing the hammer.

ROBERT E. BAKER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the fileof this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 589,119 Burgess Aug. 31, 1897 1,342,923 Pinto June8, 1920 

